Supply and Demand: The fundamental forces that determine prices and quantities in markets.
Consumer Behavior: How individuals make decisions about what to buy and consume.
Producer Theory: The behavior of firms in terms of production and cost minimization.
Market Structures: Different types of market structures such as perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition.
Financial Instruments: Types of financial assets and securities traded in markets (stocks, bonds, derivatives, etc.).
Market Efficiency: The degree to which prices reflect all available information in financial markets.
Trading and Execution: Mechanics of buying and selling financial assets in markets.
Market Regulation: Laws and regulations governing financial markets and participants.